Livermorium

Livermorium, element 116, exists at the edge of the periodic table, a synthetic element formed through the collision of lighter nuclei in a laboratory setting. It is highly unstable, with a lifetime measured in milliseconds, and cannot be found in nature.

Positioned in group 16, beneath polonium, Livermorium is expected to show metallic properties, but its true chemistry remains largely theoretical. The immense size of its nucleus and the influence of relativistic effects make its behaviour difficult to predict using classical models. It belongs to a region of the periodic table where the familiar rules of atomic structure begin to shift.

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Livermorium (Lv) – Element 116 Overview

PropertyDetails
NameLivermorium
SymbolLv
Atomic Number116
Group16 (Chalcogens)
Period7
Blockp-block
Mass Number[293] (not confirmed)
Pronunciation/ˌlɪvərˈmɔːriəm/ (LIV-ər-MOR-ee-əm)
Discovered2000 – JINR (Russia) & Lawrence Livermore National Lab (USA)
Named AfterLawrence Livermore National Laboratory, and Livermore, California
CAS Number54100-71-9

Predicted Physical Properties

PropertyValue
Phase at STPSolid (predicted)
Melting Point364–507 °C (637–780 K) (extrapolated)
Boiling Point762–862 °C (1035–1135 K) (extrapolated)
Density (near r.t.)~12.9 g/cm³ (predicted)
Heat of Fusion7.61 kJ/mol (extrapolated)
Heat of Vaporization42 kJ/mol (predicted)

Atomic Structure

PropertyDetails
Electron Configuration[Rn] 5f¹⁴ 6d¹⁰ 7s² 7p⁴ (predicted)
Electrons per Shell2, 8, 18, 32, 32, 18, 6 (predicted)
Atomic Radius~183 pm (predicted)
Covalent Radius162–166 pm (extrapolated)

Ionization Energies (Predicted)

IonizationEnergy (kJ/mol)
1st663.9
2nd1330
3rd2850

Possible Oxidation States

StateCommon?
−2Predicted
+4Predicted

Livermorium Isotopes

IsotopeHalf-lifeDecay ModeDecay Product
²⁹⁰Lv8.3 msAlpha (α)²⁸⁶Fl
²⁹¹Lv19 msAlpha (α)²⁸⁷Fl
²⁹²Lv16 msAlpha (α)²⁸⁸Fl
²⁹³Lv57 msAlpha (α)²⁸⁹Fl
²⁹³mLv20 msAlpha (α)Unknown

Position in the Periodic Table

  • Group: 16 (Chalcogens)
  • Neighbours:

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